Abu Jahl asking for the punishment by name
And the verse that came down in answer.
اللَّهُمَّ إِنْ كَانَ هَذَا هُوَ الْحَقَّ مِنْ عِنْدِكَ فَأَمْطِرْ عَلَيْنَا حِجَارَةً مِنَ السَّمَاءِ أَوِ ائْتِنَا بِعَذَابٍ أَلِيمٍ
Allāhumma in kāna hādhā huwa-l-ḥaqqa min ʿindika fa-amṭir ʿalaynā ḥijāratan mina-s-samāʾi awi-ʾtinā bi-ʿadhābin alīm
O Allah, if this is the truth from You, then rain stones on us from the sky, or bring us a painful punishment.
Where this comes from
Anas reports it as Abu Jahl's own words. What came down was not stones. It was a verse saying Allah would not punish them while you are among them, and would not punish them while they are asking forgiveness.
The full narration
Narrated Anas bin Malik:Abu Jahl said, "O Allah! If this (Qur'an) is indeed the Truth from You, then rain down on us a shower of stones from the sky or bring on us a painful torment." So Allah revealed:-- "But Allah would not punish them while you were amongst them, nor He will punish them while they seek (Allah's) forgiveness..." (8.33) And why Allah should not punish them while they turn away (men) from Al- Masjid-al-Haram (the Sacred Mosque of Mecca)
Source
Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī · 4648
- Agreed upon as authentic (al-Bukhārī / Muslim)