Three named illnesses and one open category
The fourth clause covers everything the first three missed.
أَعُوذُ بِكَ مِنَ الْبَرَصِ وَالْجُنُونِ وَالْجُذَامِ وَمِنْ سَيِّئِ الأَسْقَامِ
Aʿūdhu bika mina-l-baraṣi wa-l-junūni wa-l-judhāmi wa min sayyiʾi-l-asqām
“I seek refuge in You from vitiligo, and from madness, and from leprosy, and from the worst of diseases.”
Where this comes from
The three he named were the illnesses of his time that cut a person off from everybody else. The fourth clause was left open on purpose.
The full narration
Narrated Anas ibn Malik: The Prophet (ﷺ) used to say: "O Allah, I seek refuge in Thee from leprosy, madness, elephantiasis, and evil diseases
Source
Sunan Abī Dāwūd · 1554
Ṣaḥīḥ
- Al-Albani: Sahih
- Muhammad Muhyi Al-Din Abdul Hamid: Sahih
- Shuaib Al Arnaut: Sahih
- Zubair Ali Zai: Daif
Note on the chain. Scholars differ on this chain. Zubair Ali Zai grades it Daif. The majority (3 of 4) authenticate it.
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